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Certified legal translation and legalisation — extended FAQ

Answers organised by destination country and document type: which certification chain applies, what a receiving court or registrar checks on the face of the file, and what causes documents to be sent back.

Sources: Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th), HCCH status table (hcch.net), Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Thailand's Apostille Convention entry into force: 28 February 2027.

416 questions · page 11 of 11

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai court judgment used abroad?

A court judgment is issued by Court, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (ศาล → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai last will and testament used abroad?

A last will and testament is issued by Notary / Court, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. An original or an officially issued copy is required; a plain scan will not be accepted for the certification steps. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (Notary Public → กงสุล MFA → สถานทูต). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai foreign-issued birth certificate used abroad?

A foreign-issued birth certificate is issued by Royal Thai Embassy/Consulate, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (สถานทูตไทย → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai legitimation certificate used abroad?

A legitimation certificate is issued by Juvenile and Family Court, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. An original or an officially issued copy is required; a plain scan will not be accepted for the certification steps. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (ศาล → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai acknowledgment of paternity used abroad?

A acknowledgment of paternity is issued by District Registration Office, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (สำนักทะเบียนกลาง → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai shareholder list (boj.5) used abroad?

A shareholder list (boj.5) is issued by DBD, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (DBD → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai memorandum of association used abroad?

A memorandum of association is issued by DBD, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (DBD → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai articles of association used abroad?

A articles of association is issued by DBD, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (DBD → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai financial statement used abroad?

A financial statement is issued by Company (Audited), and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. An original or an officially issued copy is required; a plain scan will not be accepted for the certification steps. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (Auditor → Notary Public → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai trademark registration certificate used abroad?

A trademark registration certificate is issued by DIP, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (DIP → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai patent / petty patent used abroad?

A patent / petty patent is issued by DIP, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (DIP → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai factory license used abroad?

A factory license is issued by DIW, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (DIW → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai fda license used abroad?

A fda license is issued by Thai FDA, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (อย. → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai boi promotion certificate used abroad?

A boi promotion certificate is issued by BOI, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. A recently issued certified copy is normally sufficient for the certification steps, so you do not have to surrender the original you keep at home. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (BOI → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai no objection certificate used abroad?

A no objection certificate is issued by Employer / Authority, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. An original or an officially issued copy is required; a plain scan will not be accepted for the certification steps. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (Notary Public → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

What is the correct certified-translation route for a Thai statutory declaration used abroad?

A statutory declaration is issued by Notary Public, and the receiving authority abroad usually checks the issuing office endorsement before it looks at the translation at all. An original or an officially issued copy is required; a plain scan will not be accepted for the certification steps. The working sequence is: obtain or refresh the official copy, translate with a signed statement of accuracy that reproduces every seal, stamp and marginal note, then complete the legalisation chain (Notary Public → กงสุล MFA). Common causes of rejection for this document type are inconsistent name transliteration, a missing reverse side, and a translation that is not physically bound to the copy it was made from. Timings are ranges set by the issuing office and the legalisation queue. Sources: Legalization Division, Department of Consular Affairs (consular.mfa.go.th); HCCH status table (hcch.net); Ministry of Justice (moj.go.th). Receiving authorities change their requirements from time to time; verify the current checklist before filing.

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